合成橡胶工业090413-橡胶技术网 www.sto.net.cn

	合成橡胶工业 CHINA SYNTHETIC RUBBER INDUSTRY 2009 Vol.32 No.4 P.313-316

热塑性聚氨酯防辐射复合材料的性能

董文敏　董志华　徐东太　刘力　

摘　要：通过机械共混法制备了La2(CO3)3,Ce2(CO3)3,Pr2(CO3)3,Nd2(CO3)3/热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)复合材料,研究了镧系碳酸盐/TPU复合材料的防辐射性能,讨论了添加La2(CO3)3/TPU回收料对其力学性能和屏蔽性能的影响.结果表明,在120 kV的入射管电压下,当镧系碳酸盐用量低于400份时,La2(CO3)3/TPU,Ce2(CO3)3/TPU,Pr2(CO3)3/TPU,Nd2(CO3)3/TPU复合材料的防辐射性能基本相当;当镧系碳酸盐用量超过400份时,Nd2(CO3)3/TPU复合材料的防辐射性能最好.在入射管电压为70～120 kV时,4种镧系碳酸盐/TPU复合材料的防辐射性能随着入射管电压的增加先增强后减弱,在85～105 kV出现峰值;除了Ce2(CO3)3/TPU复合材料以外,随着镧系元素原子序数的增加,其他复合材料的最佳防辐射峰值右移,且范围变宽.添加回收La2(CO3)3/TPU对La2(CO3)3/TPU复合材料的防辐射性能影响不大,只是其力学性能有所下降,但仍然能满足使用要求.
关键词：碳酸镧;碳酸铈;碳酸镨;碳酸钕;热塑性聚氨酯;防辐射性能
分类号：TQ334.1 　文献标识码：B
文章编号：1000-1255(2009)04-0313-04

Properties of radiation-proof thermoplastic polyurethane composites

Dong Wenmin（Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials,BeijingUniversity of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China）　 Dong Zhihua（Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials,BeijingUniversity of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China）　 Xu Dongtai（Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China）　 Liu Li（Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials,BeijingUniversity of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;Key Laboratory for Nanomaterials of Ministry of Education,Beijing University of Chemical Technolog,Beijing 100029,China）　

Abstract：La2(CO3)3, Ce2(CO3)3, Pr2(CO3)3, Nd2(CO3)3/thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU) composites were prepared by mechanical blending process, the radiation-proof properties of the lanthanIDe carbonate/TPU composites were investigated. The mechanical and radiation-proof properties of the composites with different contents of recycled La2(CO3)3/TPU were also researched. The results indicated that under the incIDent voltage 120 kV, the radiation-proof properties of the four composites were almost the same when the amount of lanthanIDe carbonate was less than 400 phr and the radiation-proof properties of Nd2(CO3)3/TPU composites were better than the others when the amount of lanthanIDe carbonate was over 400 phr. The radiation-proof properties of these composites firstly improved and then declined as the incIDent voltage increased in the range of 70-120 kV .There were optimal peak values ranging from 85 kV to 105 kV and the peak moved right and the ranging broadened with the increase of the atomic number except Ce2(CO3)3/TPU composites. Adding the recycled La2(CO3)3/TPU had little effect on the radiation-proof properties of La2(CO3)3/TPU composites while the mechanical properties decreased slightly and it could meet the requirement of the application.
Keywords：lanthanum carbonate; cerium carbonate; praseodymium carbonate; neodymium carbonate; thermoplastic polyurethane; radiation-proof property

基金项目：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划资助项目(2006 BAE 03 B 02).
作者简介：董文敏(1984-),女,硕士研究生.
作者单位：董文敏（北京化工大学,北京市新型高分子材料制备与加工重点实验室,北京,100029）　
　　　　　董志华（北京化工大学,北京市新型高分子材料制备与加工重点实验室,北京,100029）　
　　　　　徐东太（北京化工大学,北京市新型高分子材料制备与加工重点实验室,北京,100029）　
　　　　　刘力（北京化工大学,北京市新型高分子材料制备与加工重点实验室,北京,100029;北京化工大学,教育部纳米材料重点实验室,北京,100029）　

参考文献：

[1]刘显坤,刘颖.辐射屏蔽材料的研究进展[J].材料导报,2006,20(6):32-35.
[2]刘力,吴小飞,范丽,等.氧化钐/聚氨酯热塑性弹性体(Sm2O3/TPU)复合材料防辐射性能及流变性能研究[J].合成橡胶工业,2008,31(1):54-57.
[3]江祖成,蔡汝秀,张华山.稀土元素分析化学[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[4]徐光宪.稀土[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1995:410.
[5]王静荣,陈大俊.聚氨酯废弃物回收利用的物理化学方法[J].弹性体,2003,13(6):61-65.
[6]赵士庵,欧向明.射线屏蔽材料在防护中的铅当量[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,1996,16(3):211.
[7]王汝赡,卓韵裳.核辐射测量与防护[M].北京:原子能出版社,1990.
[8]Boaira M S,Chaffey C E.Effects of coupling agents on the mechanical and rheological properties of mica-reinforced polypropylene[J].Polymer Engineer Science,1997,17(10):715-718.
[9]方杰.辐射防护导论[M].北京:原子能出版社,1991:117.
[10]葛志强,徐浩星.聚氨酯废弃物的处理和回收利用[J].化学推进剂与高分子材料,2008,6(1):65-68.

收稿日期：2008年5月23日

修稿日期：2009年5月11日

出版日期：2009年7月15日

请看PDF全文